Comprehensive Textbook of Surgery – Clinical Management of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Disorders (2023) David R. Adams

Description

This section details the anatomical structures and pathologies of the rectum and anal canal, including detailed discussions on hemorrhoid etiology (VASE theory), classification (1st to 4th degree), medical and operative treatments (e.g., rubber band ligation, Milligan-Morgan), and the assessment and surgical management of rectal prolapse.