Microbiological Procedures For Diagnosis Of Ocular Infection () by K. LILY THERESE & H.N. MADHAVAN PDF

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Ocular microbiology remains an applied science The advancements in molecular biology and the newer technologies pave way for better understanding of ocular diseases Advances in the field of infectious diseases are rapid. The developments have made major contributions in the control and probably even eradication of many types of eye infections. Blinding diseases such as trachoma has been brought under control because of development of rapid diagnostic methods and public health measures. There is dramatic decrease in classical infections of the eye, but new and emerging eye infections are on the rise. Many opportunistic pathogenic agents are increasingly encountered in ocular infections due to widespread use of topical and systemic immunosuppressive agents, increasing numbers of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and with organ transplants who are on immunosupressive therapy. These opportunistic pathogens also cause ocular infections due to increased use of contact lens. The dreaded infections endophthalmitis following cataract extraction and lens implantation often are caused by opportunistic pathogens. To understand ocular microbiology and ocular diagnostic microbiology, it is essential to have the basic knowledge of anatomy of the eye (Figure1) and the common microbial agents associated with the oc ular infections . The principles involved in mechanism of the ocular surface and parameters intraocular immuno mechanisms are useful in understanding ocular microbials. Basic knowledge of pathogenesis of ocular infection and structural consequences are essential in understanding ocular microbes. Transmission of infection in Ophthalmic practice and the methods of prevention are important public health issues. microbial agents from the environment. As in other organ systems exposed to environment, ocular surface is colonized by microbial agents which are mainly commensals. These residents induce minimal activation of inflammation and immune responses of the host. The exact microbial population of the ocular surface depends on the age of the host and geographical location and the climate.

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