Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Expression – Transcription, Splicing, and Translation (2024) Lecture Notes Compilation

Description

This material covers the core concepts of gene expression, starting with the immense size of the genome. It details transcription, focusing on the roles of RNA polymerase, sense and antisense DNA strands, and promoter/terminator regions. Crucially, it describes the modification of pre-mRNA via splicing (intron removal, exon recombination), and the addition of the 5′ cap and Poly-A tail. Finally, it outlines the structure and function of ribosomes, tRNA activation, and the four phases of translation: initiation, elongation, translocation, and termination.